How do I create a review
and summary for my lesson?
The main purpose of doing a summary and
review of your lesson is to ensure that the students will
recall and synthesize critical parts of the lesson into something
they will remember for the next lesson or future application.
This part of the lesson is usually kept short. However, you
want to make sure that you review all of the important parts
of the current lesson before moving on to the next lesson.
The summary and review should serve
only as a review of the information already covered. You should
not present any new information in the summary and
review. You do not want to create an entire lesson out of
the summary and review. Try and keep the summary and review
between 5-8 minutes. Use the following links to help you develop
a summary and review for your lesson.
How
can I review the objectives and relate them to what students
have learned during the lesson?
How
can I restate the relevance of learned content to the students?
How
can I re-emphasize the importance of safety?
How
can I provide linkage to the next lesson?
Where
can I go to learn more about review and summary?
How
can I review the objectives and relate them to what students
have learned during the lesson?
Why
should I review the objectives and relate them to what students
have learned during the lesson?
What
are some approaches for reviewing and relating the objectives?
What
kind of media and student materials can I use to review and
relate the objectives?
How
can I restate the relevance of learned content to the students?
Why
should I restate the relevance of learned content to the students?
What
are some approaches for restating the relevance of the material?
What
kind of media and student materials can I use to restate the
relevance of learned content to the students?
How
can I re-emphasize the importance of safety?
Why
should I re-emphasize the importance of safety?
What
are some approaches for re-emphasizing the importance of safety?
What
kind of media and student materials can I use to re-emphasize
the importance of safety?
How
can I provide linkage to the next lesson?
Why
should I provide linkage to the next lesson?
What
are some approaches for providing linkage to the next lesson?
What
kind of media and student materials can I use to provide linkage
for the next lesson?
Why
should I review the objectives and relate them to what students
have learned during the lesson?
Reviewing and relating the objectives to what was covered
during the lesson gives students a chance to think about what
they just learned. This allows the students to see the whole
lesson and how its parts relate to one another. Reviewing
the objectives and summarizing what was learned
will also create a solid foundation for the material to be
presented in lessons that follow.
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What are
some approaches for reviewing and relating the objectives?
Below are
suggestions to use in your lesson for reviewing and relating
the objectives:
- Have students paraphrase, or restate,
the objectives in their own words.
- Have students use a graphic organizers
(such as a frame, Venn diagram, spider map, or hierarchy
map) to show relationships among the lesson objectives and
what was learned.
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What
kind of media and student materials can I use to review and
relate the objectives?
There are
several media and student materials that can be useful when
reviewing and relating the objectives. The following table
contains suggestions for how you can integrate media and student
materials into your lesson.
| Suggested
IMM |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Graphic
Organizers |
Graphic organizers can be used
to review the objectives for a lesson and show how they
are related to the lesson content.
Example:
Present a partially completed graphic organizer and
have students fill it in. This will allow students to
apply and synthesize what they have learned.
|
| PowerPoint
or Overheads |
PowerPoint or overheads can be
used to present images and text to review the objectives
and relate them to the lesson content.
Example:
Present PowerPoint slides that display images used throughout
the lesson to help the students recall the objectives
and relate them to the lesson content.
|
| Suggested
Student Materials |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Handouts
of a Graphic Organizer |
Handouts of a graphic organizer
that summarizes the lesson content can be used by students
to review the objectives for a lesson and see how they
are related to each other.
Example:
Provide students with handouts of a graphic organizer
that summarizes the lesson content and
objectives. Instruct them to use it for review.
|
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Why
should I restate the relevance of learned content to the students?
Restating the relevance
of the lesson content helps strengthen student attitudes toward
learning. When students feel that the information is relevant
to what they are doing, they will be motivated to learn additional
information and apply it to real-world situations. Students
should be encouraged to think about how
they can use the new information right now and how they can
apply it to future situations.
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What
are some approaches for restating the relevance of the material?
Below are suggestions
to use in your lesson for restating the relevance of the material:
- Have students explain why and how
lesson content is relevant to their current and future performance
in real-world situations.
- Review examples of real-world situations
where the content can be applied.
- Use a graphic
organizer to relate the lesson content to future lessons
and the learning goals of the course.
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What
kind of media and student materials can I use to restate the
relevance of learned content to the students?
There are several media and student materials that can
be useful when restating the relevance of learned content.
The following table contains suggestions for how you can integrate
media and student materials into your lesson.
| Suggested
IMM |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Graphic
Organizers |
Graphic organizers can be used
to relate the lesson content to future lessons and the
learning goals of the course.
Example:
Present a graphic organizer that demonstrates how the
lesson content is relevant to future lessons and the
learning goals of the course.
|
| PowerPoint
or Overheads |
PowerPoint or overheads can be
used to present images and text that show students the
relevance of the material for present or future application.
Example:
Present PowerPoint slides that display images and text
that demonstrate the relevance of the material for present
or future application.
|
| Suggested
Student Materials |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Handouts
of a Graphic Organizer |
Handouts
of a graphic organizer that relates the lesson content
to future lessons and learning goals of the course can
be used by students for review.
Example:
Provide students with handouts of a graphic organizer
that shows how the lesson content is relevant to future
lessons and the learning goals of the course. Instruct
them to use it for review.
|
| Handouts
of PowerPoint Slides |
Handouts of PowerPoint slides
that present images and text that show the relevance
of the material for present or future application can
be used by students for review.
Example:
Provide students with handouts of PowerPoint slides
that present images and text that show the relevance
of the material for present or future application.
Instruct them to use it for review.
|
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Why
should I re-emphasize the importance of safety?
Discussing
safety issues is a critical part of Navy instruction. Reminding
your students of the importance of safety in the summary and
review
will help them remember the safety issues at later times,
such as when they are on the job.
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What
are some approaches for re-emphasizing the importance of safety?
Below
are suggestions to use in your lesson for re-emphasizing the
importance of safety:
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What
kind of media and student materials can I use to re-emphasize
the importance of safety?
There are several media and
student materials that can be useful when re-emphasizing the
importance of safety. The following table contains suggestions
for how you can integrate media and student materials into
your lesson.
| Suggested
IMM |
Description
and Example(s) |
| PowerPoint
or Overheads |
PowerPoint or overheads can be
used to present examples of safety issues using real
images, graphics, or text.
Example:
Present examples of safety issues in PowerPoint and
point out how they are important to the lesson content.
|
| Suggested
Student Materials |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Handouts
of PowerPoint Slides |
Handouts of PowerPoint slides
that have images and text related to the importance
of safety can be used by students for review.
Example:
Provide students with handouts of PowerPoint slides
that have images and text related to the importance
of safety. Instruct
them to use it for review.
|
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Why
should I provide linkage to the next lesson?
Providing
linkage to the next lesson helps support the transfer of learning
from one situation to another, such as from the classroom
to a real-life situation. Transfer can be very important when
learning concepts, rules, problem-solving, cognitive strategies,
and motor skills. By providing a clear linkage to the next
lesson, you are
ensuring that your students will be able to generalize their
learning to related applications.
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What
are some approaches for providing linkage to the next lesson?
Below are suggestions to use
in your lesson for providing linkage for the next lesson:
- Ask students interesting questions
in which the answers are located in the next lesson.
- Present a graphic organizer that
shows how the lesson content will be expanded on in the
next lesson.
- Present a summary of the objectives
for the next lesson
and point out the important parts of current lesson that
will be built on in the next lesson.
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What
kind of media and student materials can I use to provide linkage
for the next lesson?
There are several media and student
materials that can be useful when providing linkage to the
next lesson. The following table contains suggestions for
how you can integrate media and student materials into your
lesson.
| Suggested
IMM |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Graphic
Organizers |
Graphic organizers can be used
to show how the current lesson links to future lessons.
Example:
Present a graphic organizer that demonstrates how the
current lesson links to future lessons.
|
| PowerPoint
or Overheads |
PowerPoint or overheads can be
used to present images and text which were described
in the current lesson, but will be expanded on in the
next lesson.
Example:
Present PowerPoint slides that display images and text
which were described in the current lesson, but will
be expanded on in the next lesson.
|
| Suggested
Student Materials |
Description
and Example(s) |
| Handouts
of a Graphic Organizer |
Handouts of a graphic organizer
can be used by students to see how the current lesson
will link to future lessons.
Example:
Provide students with handouts of a graphic organizer
which
links the current lesson to future lessons.
|
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Where
can I go to learn more about review and summary?
Driscoll, M. P. (2000). Psychology
of learning for instruction (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn
and Bacon.
Smith, P. L.,
& Ragan, T. J. (1993). Instructional design. New
York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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